Spa Triangle The Great Spa Towns of Europe This serial property comprises eleven spa towns located in seven European countries: Karlovy Vary, Mariánské Lázně, Františkovy Lázně, Baden-Baden, Bad Ems, Bad Kissingen, City of Bath, Spa, Vichy, Montecatini Terme, and Baden near Vienna. These towns witness the blossoming of the European spa culture, which has a worldwide influence – its development was most intensive between the years 1700 and 1930.