1887 The Mánes Fine Artists’ Association is founded in Prague 1887 Alphonse Mucha departs to study in Paris after two years in Munich 1887 1887 The Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society is founded in London by Walter Crane 1888 The first public electric lighting appears in Prague (in Karlín) 1888 Representatives of the young generation of artists (Celda Klouček, Friedrich Ohmann, Jan Kastner and others) begin to teach at the School of Applied Arts in Prague (today’s Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design) 1888 Czech prosaist and poet Julius Zeyer publishes the serial novel Jan Maria Plojhar, an early work of the Czech Decadent movement 1889 Prague and Vienna are connected by an intercity telephone line 1890 The monthly Moderne Dichtung (Modern Poetry) begins publication in Brno 1889 The art and literary magazines La Revue blanche and La Plume are founded in Paris 1888 1889 1891 The Czech Academy of Sciences and Art commences its activities 1889 The World’s Fair is held in Paris (Eiffel Tower) 1890 The “théâtrophone”, a device for relaying sound from theatrical performances, makes its commercial debut in Paris 1891 The General Land Centennial Exhibition is held in Prague 1890 Dress reform movements gain momentum in England (Healthy and Artistic Dress Union) 1891 Czech painter and graphic artist František Kupka departs for Vienna to study painting and occult teachings 1890 1891 1891 František Křižík’s first electric tramway is put into operation in Prague A group of intellectuals called Jung Wien (Young Vienna) begins to meet in Vienna 1891 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec draws the famous poster La Goulue for the Paris cabaret Moulin Rouge 1892 Czech literary critic, journalist and writer F. X. Šalda publishes the essay “Synthetism in the new art” in Literární listy. 1892 Dancer Loie Fuller begins to garner success at the Paris cabaret Folies Bergère with her famous “snake dance” 1892 The Amphora Porcelain Works in Trnovany gains momentum (under Eduard Stellmacher, Hans Riessner and the Kessel siblings) 1893 Journalist Charles Holme founds the artistic magazine The Studio in London. 1891 The commercial gallery Salon des Cent is founded in Paris 1892 The first “secession” of young artists occurs; the Münchener Secession association is founded in Munich 1893 The World’s Fair is held in Chicago 1893 The artistic society La Libre Esthétique is founded in Brussels, continuing the activities of the Belgian artists’ society Les XX (Fernand Khnopff, James Ensor, Edmond Picard and others) 1892 The stipend of Czech sculptor and graphic artist František Bílek is terminated prematurely in Paris for the symbolist-naturalist sculptures Golgota and Ploughing Is Our Penitence; the following year he departs for Chýnov 1893 The original Czech fashion paper Pařížské mody (Paris Fashions), managed from Paris by Zdenka Maroldová, wife of painter Luděk Marold, begins publication 1892 1892 Victor Horta designs the famous house of Emile Tassel (Maison Tassel) in Brussels 1893 1893 Julius Zeyer becomes a member of the international Theosophical Society 1893 Heinrich Pudor formulates the fundamentals of modern naturism. 1894 English draughtsman Aubrey Beardsley publishes his illustrations for Oscar Wilde’s Salome. 1894 Alphonse Mucha garners success with a poster for Sarah Bernhardt: Gismonda. 1893 Edvard Munch paints The Scream. 1894 The commercial gallery Salon des Cent begins exhibition activities in Paris (rue Bonaparte). 1894 The first issue of the symbolist-decadent magazine Moderní revue is published. 1894 Otto Wagner becomes a professor of architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna; his students include Jan Kotěra, Josef Hoffmann, Jože Plečnik and others.a další 1894 Topičův salon opens in Prague. 1894 1894 Claude Debussy composes the symphonic poem Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun (inspired by a poem by S. Mallarmé) 1894 The first automobile races are held in France (Paris–Rouen) 1895 1895 Siegfried Bing launches his Paris gallery, Maison de l’Art Nouveau 1895 František Kupka settles permanently in Paris 1895 The “Manifesto of Czech Modernism”, an ideological programme of the rising literary generation, is published (F. X. Šalda, J. S. Machar, O. Březina and others). 1895 The Union of German Fine Artists in Bohemia is founded. 1895 Czech poet Otokar Březina’s first collection of poetry, Mysterious Ranges, is published. 1895 Henry van de Velde realises his first architectural works (his own home, Bloemenwerf House in Uccle near Brussels). 1895 In Mladá Boleslav, the company Laurin Klement is established to produced bicycles, and later motorcycles and automobiles. 1895 The first public cinematograph screening is executed in France by the Lumière brothers. 1896 The first issue of the magazine Volné směry (Free Directions) is published by the Mánes association 1896 Czech poet and graphic artist Karel Hlaváček, a major proponent of Czech symbolism, publishes his first symbolist poetry collection, Late before Morning. 1895 The Czechoslavic Ethnographic Exhibition is held in Prague. 1896 Czech poet S. K. Neumann publishes his Almanac of Art Nouveau. 1896 The sanitation of Prague commences with the demolition of Prague’s fifth quarter – the original ghetto. 1896 The first issue of the magazine Jugend is published in Munich. 1896 William Morris, one of the protagonists of the Arts and Crafts movement, dies. 1896 The first public film screenings take place in a number of Czech cities. 1896 1897 1896 The first modern Olympic Games take place in Athens. 1899 Joseph Maria Olbrich departs for Darmstadt, Germany, and works in an artists’ colony there. 1897 Construction of the Secession building, designed by Joseph Maria Olbrich, commences in Vienna. 1897 The first serially produced Czech automobile, the Präsident, is designed in Kopřivnice 1899 Zeyer’s play Radúz and Mahulena with music by Josef Suk garners success at the National Theatre (premier 1898). 1898 The 1st exhibition of the Mánes Fine Artists’Association is held (poster by Arnošt Hofbauer). 1898 The Exhibition of Engineering and Architecture is held in Prague. 1898 Stéphane Mallarmé, a major proponent of French literary symbolism, dies. 1897 A cumulative exhibition of the work of Alphonse Mucha is held in Paris (Salon des Cent), and later in Prague (Topičův salon). 1897 The bicycle is permitted on roads in the Monarchy as a means of transport 1897 Gustav Mahler assumes the directorship of the Vienna Court Opera. 1898 Karel Hlaváček dies at the age of just 24 years. 1898 The Vienna Secession publishes the first issue of the magazine Ver Sacrum. 1898 Czech architect Jan Kotěra becomes a professor at the School of Applied Arts in Prague. 1899 The bibliophile edition of Alphonse Mucha’s book Le Pater is published. 1897 The Theosophical Union is founded in Prague 1898 The first Art Nouveau buildings are erected in Prague and Plzeň (architects Friedrich Ohmann and František Krásný) 1897 The Vienna Secession artistic group is founded (Gustav Klimt, Josef Hoffmann, J. M. Olbrich, Koloman Moser and others). 1898 Adolf Loos designs a bentwood chair for the interior of Café Museum in Vienna. 1897 An exhibition of glass by the Tiffany and Gallé companies is held at the North Bohemian Industrial Museum in Liberec. 1898 Architect and designer Josef Hoffmann begins to teach at the School of Applied Arts in Vienna. 1899 Jan Kotěra designs Peterka House in Prague. 1899 A posthumous exhibition of the work of Luděk Marold is held at Topičův salon in Prague. 1898 1899 1900 1899 The first edition of Ernst Haeckel’s popular work Die Welträtsel (The Riddle of the Universe) and the first set of his Kunstformen der Natur (Art Forms of Nature) are published. 1899 Prague’s first vegetarian restaurant opens 1900 Scottish architect and designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh exhibits at the Vienna Secession’s 8th exhibition 1900 Johann Lötz Witwe’s glassworks in Klášterský Mlýn (Klostermühle) celebrates its greatest successes with the Phänomen décor series (produced from 1898). 1900 The exhibition The Modern Interior (Das moderne Interieur) is held at the Moravian Industrial Museum in Brno. 1892 Louis Comfort Tiffany founds his first glassware company in New York 1900 Sigmund Freud publishes Die Traumdeutung (The Interpretation of Dreams). 1900 The World’s Fair is held in Paris. 1900 English graphic artist and illustrator Walter Crane publishes the book Line and Form. 1900 At the 3rd exhibition of the Mánes Fine Artists’ Association in Prague, Jan Preisler exhibits his triptych Spring, and Max Švabinský his The Poor Region. 1900 Friedrich Nietzsche, the most influential philosopher of the fin de siècle era, dies. 1900 An artistic community promoting an alternative lifestyle (pacifism, naturism, veganism, etc.) emerges on the summit of Monte Verità near the Swiss town of Ascona ►