a separate Dutch garden. The artificial ruins, built

in ca. 1865, while the rest is younger; Fig. 4. Gate from

information, not yet described in detail, which was

before the end of the 18th century, were built in

Blahoslavova Street. A – A view of the inner face, B – Layout

substantiated by the article’s author mainly based

a remarkable combination of Gothic and antique

showing the Baroque masonry (brown), arrows indicate wooden

on the study of this functional type of greenery from

architecture. Further development, however, was

elements, dendrochronologically dated to 1707–1708;

the dozens of projects by Josef Vanûk. The acquired

aimed at simplifying the original building, which was

Fig. 5. Plan for the rebuilding of the gardener’s house, probably

knowledge is quite unique, because from

eventually transformed into a pheasantry. Also,

around 1790, with inscription “Gartner Qartir”; Fig. 6.

the perspective of the history of garden art, there

the three-winged Peacock Court structure, built in

Gardener’s house, reconstruction of the building as seen from

have been as of yet very few domestic professionals,

the last years of the 18th century, underwent several

the northwest. A – after 1800, B – after 1840, after 1890,

be they archivists, historians, educators, urban

modifications in the 19th century. It was designed by

C – present state; Fig. 7. Development of the artificial ruins in

planners, architects, or garden architects, who have

Anton Arche in the late 1830s, resulting in a sober

three main phases, view from the south; Fig. 8. Ground floor

dealt with this specific topic. If some partial work

Classicist building. Around the year 1865, the illusive

of the Peacock Court with a constructional / historical analysis.

on the subject appeared, then it was mostly merely

half-timbering application of the building gave it

1 – Classicist masonry from the end of the 18th century,

information on individual structures in the regions.

the character of a Swiss farmhouse. The Temple of

2 – adaptations from around 1865, 3 – modern masonry;

The author has focused on the work of Josef Vanûk

Friendship, built on a separate island that emerged

s – ceiling dendrochronologically dated to shortly after 1794,

with regard to the possibilities and availability

from the pond surface around 1800, retained

k – chimney of the black kitchen; Fig. 9. Reconstruction

of archival sources for these garden art structures.

the appearance of an open dome temple, referring

of the Peacock Court in its condition in ca. 1800, view from

There have not been as many conclusive period and

to e.g. similar structures in Ermenonville or Versailles

the southwest; Fig. 10. Temple of Friendship. A – current state,

archival documents preserved from other garden

in France, despite its change of roofing in ca. 1865.

B – ground plan with constructional / historical analysis;

architects of the era, such as Josef Kumpán, Josef

Even the Fisherman’s House, built at the Long Pond

1 – Classicist masonry from the end of the 18th century,

Miniberger, Otokar Fierlinger, ZdeÀka Ko‰áková and

before 1800, underwent a number of changes in

2 – adaptations from around 1865; Fig. 11. Classicist

many others, as there has from Josef Vanûk.

the 19th century, the most important of which was

appearance of the Fisherman’s Pavilion, Anton Arche, 1840s;

Arche’s Classicist reconstruction from 1839.

Fig. 12. Fisherman’s Pavilion. A – current state, view from

of Pardubice; Fig. 2. Period photo of Koãiãí hrádek (Cat Castle)

In the mid-1860s, the pavilion acquired its present-day

the north, B – ground plan of the ground floor with constructional

in the forests near SlatiÀany; Fig. 3. Koãiãí hrádek and its little

arcade style. Perhaps the architecturally highest

/ historical analysis; 1 – Classicist masonry from the end of

conquerors; Fig. 4. Design of a proposal for a children’s

quality building is the Maximillian Colonnade, built in

the 18th century, 2 – adaptations from 1839–1840,

paddling pool in the Jubilee Park in Znojmo from 1929;

1845–1846. The semi-circular airy structure, designed

3 – masonry from the reconstruction around 1865, 4 – modern

Fig. 5. Period photo of a paddling pool in the Jubilee Park

by Anton Arche as an open column gallery, has

masonry from the 20th and early 21st centuries; Fig. 13.

in Znojmo; Fig. 6. Detail of the playground in the proposal

retained its basic concept even after the openings in

Fisherman’s Pavilion. A – an attempt to reconstruct

for the landscaping of the swimming pool in âeské Velenice

the rear wall were bricked up. An interesting technical

the building around 1800, condition of the building after

from 1933; Fig. 7. Proposal for a playground of the National

structure is the single-arch bridge at the “American

the Classicist reconstruction in ca. 1840; Fig. 14. Maximillian

Po‰umavská Unit in Suché Vrbn˘; Fig. 8. Proposal for

House”, built from a combination of brick and stone

Colonnade, map by Anton Arche from 1846; Fig. 15.

a children’s playground in Oslavany; Fig. 9. Proposal for

masonry. The Chinese Pavilion, built sometime in

Maximillian Colonnade, ground plan with evaluation of

the modification of a children’s playground and urinals in

the 1880s on an island in the Wild Pond, illustrates

architectural development: a – construction and surfaces from

Hlinsko; Fig. 10. Detail of a section of a proposal for

the popularity of oriental motifs in late 19th-century

the time the building was constructed (1846), b – construction

a children’s play area and rest area in the garden of the builder

garden architecture. These, along with Moorish

from the second half of the 19th century, c – construction from

F. Komárek in Svobodné Dvory; Fig. 11. Detail of seating and

elements, also appeared in the details of other

the second half of the 20th century; Fig. 16. Bridge at

children’s playground from a proposal for the garden of

structures in the garden – the Fisherman’s Pavilion,

the American House, condition after renovation in 2014;

the VaÀous family in PlzeÀ; Fig. 12. Detail of a gingerbread

the Peacock Court, and the guard houses.

Fig. 17. Drawing of the facade of the Chinese Pavilion.

house near a rest area from the proposal of a garden for factory

Illustrations: Fig. 1. Portrait of Josef Vanûk by J. Pûtivok˘

owner V. Kfienek in Fren‰tát pod Radho‰tûm; Fig. 13. Detail

Illustrations: Fig. 1. Researched structures marked into

from a proposal for the New Park Na Faráfiství in Turnov

a map of the Chateau Garden from 1850; the map was made

showing a playground and its surroundings; Fig. 14. Detail

by B. Lipavsk˘ – J. Homme. 1 – gate from Blahoslavova Street, 2 – house of the first horticultural assistant, 3 – gardener’s

Children’s playgrounds, children’s play areas,

of the modification of the square in Bedfiichovice depicting

house, 4 – artificial ruins, 5 – Peacock Court, 6 – Temple

and spaces for children in the first half of

the modification of the playground in front of house No. 12.

of Friendship, 7 – Fisherman’s Pavilion, 8 – Maximillian

the 20th century in the projects of landscape

Project No. 3558 from 1943; Fig. 15. Proposal for gardens

Colonnade, 9 – bridge at the American House , 10 – site of

architect Josef Vanûk

with children’s playgrounds at the apartment building in

Mandarin House (the island in Wild Pond with the Chinese

Stanislava OTTOMANSKÁ

Tfiinec. Project No. 1404 from 1929; Fig. 16. Proposal for

Pavilion is not drawn); Fig. 2. House of the first horticultural

Keywords: playgrounds, spaces for children, garden

nursery school and kindergarten in T˘ni‰tû nad Orlicí. Project

assistant with KromûfiíÏ Chateau in the background, view from

architecture, Josef Vanûk, Czechoslovak Republic

No. 3222 from 1940; Fig. 17. Period photograph of children in front of the garden of a kindergarten in T˘ni‰tû nad Orlicí;

the northwest; Fig. 3. House of the first horticultural assistant. A – Ground plan of the house on a map of the landscaping

The landscape architect Josef Vanûk is one of

Fig. 18. Detail from a proposal for the modification of the spa

gardens of the Chateau Garden from 1834–1835 by Anton

the most significant personalities in his field in

park in Korytnice in Slovakia showing a sand playground in

Arche, B – ground floor of the building with constructional /

the Czech Republic during the first half of the 20th

the center of the spa area. Project No. 664 from 1925; Fig. 19.

historical analysis. Brown – early Baroque masonry from

century. The aim of this article is to make a selection

Detail from a proposal for the modification of the premises

the second half of the 17th century, violet – late Baroque

of his work that addresses the projects of playgrounds,

of the Hotel Panorama in Rychnov nad KnûÏnou showing

masonry probably from the second half of the 18th century,

children’s play areas, and spaces for children and

a playground near the restaurant terrace. Project No. 3184

yellow – masonry from Classicist reconstructions from the first

youth, especially designed in the interwar era of

from 1940; Fig. 20. Proposal for landscaping around

half of the 19th century and masonry from the adaptation

Czechoslovakia (1918–1938). This is unpublished

the children’s sanatorium “âeské srdce” in Morávka. Project

102

Zprávy památkové péãe / roãník 79 / 2019 / ãíslo 1 / RESUMÉ | SUMMARY