No. 3247 from 1941; Fig. 21. Proposal for the garden

of the chateau in Prague-LibeÀ, 1910; Fig. 8. Franti‰ek

in ˚agaƒ around 1860; Fig. 3. “Korbartigen Beete” type flower

of the priest J. Smetánka with a children’s playground in

Thomayer’s notebook from 1883–1889.

beds at the Lontzen castle in Germany. Lithography from

Chrudim. Project No 1912 from 1933; Fig. 22. Proposal for

the second half of the 19th century; Fig. 4. Period depictions

a recreation camp of boys and girls in the ·pitálsk˘ forest

of garden arrangements at the New Castle in Muskau, before 1834; Fig. 5. Edging with blue glaze from the castle

“U sv. Anna” near Skuteã. Project No. 3788 from 1945; Fig. 23. Children playing in the “Steingarten” castle park in

Garden edgings – an interesting detail

in Branitz; Fig. 6. Coral-shaped edgings on the castle grounds

SlatiÀany, 1940s.

of 19th century garden arrangements

in Muskau; Fig. 7. Beds with edgings in the pleasure ground

Dagmar FETTEROVÁ; Lenka K¤ESADLOVÁ

of Babelsberg Castle; Fig. 8. Detail of the use of edgings

Keywords: garden edgings, Lomnice u Ti‰nova,

in combination with a brick curb in the pleasure ground

pleasure ground, garden culture

of Babelsberg Castle; Fig. 9. Fragments of garden edgings found at the chateau in Milotice; Fig. 10. Set of edgings from

Caring for Prague’s city parks at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries

Arranging edgings around flower beds using

Lomnice near Ti‰nov; Fig. 11. Molds for the production

·árka STEINOVÁ

inorganic materials, or using actual plants for edgings,

of edgings from Lomnice near Ti‰nov; Fig. 12. Use of edgings

Keywords: Prague, greenery care, city parks, Karel

has been a common element in gardening throughout

in the garden of Landfras Villa in JindfiichÛv Hradec; Fig. 13.

Jan Skalák, Frantisek Thomayer

the entire period of its development. Nonetheless,

Set of edgings from Landfras Villa in JindfiichÛv Hradec;

garden edgings are merely a small detail in

Fig. 14. Use of large metal edgings in the Castle Garden

City gardeners held an irreplaceable position

the development of garden art and may be considered

in KromûfiíÏ, second half of the 19th century; Fig. 15. Design

in the history of Prague and in the care of its public

a symbol of one specific historical stage. Edgings are

for the production of metal edgings for the Castle Garden from

greenery. Prague’s original gardens were not originally

traditionally and primarily associated with the work

1864; Fig. 16. Metal edgings from the Castle Garden in

large, but this changed after 1875. This is the year

of the prominent 19th-century Prince Hermann von

KromûfiíÏ; Fig. 17. The southern terrace of Vranov nad Dyjí

that Ferdinand Mal˘ was named as director, but he

Pückler-Muskau, but the use of edgings has a longer

Castle with blooming flower beds. Josef Doré, oil on canvas,

spent only four years in Prague, from 1874 to 1878.

tradition. The impulse for a deeper study of

2nd third of the 19th century; Fig. 18. Use of edgings in

No professional assumed the position after him,

the phenomenon of garden edgings in the Czech

the shape of stirrups in front of the winter garden of the chateau

so there was no further development. It was finally

Republic was the discovery of a larger number

in Hluboká nad Vltavou. Karel Zenker, watercolor, second half

decided that Prague needed a gardener who would

of ceramic edging fragments in the former castle

of the 19th century; Fig. 19. Metal edging from Hluboká nad

truly lead the gardens of Prague and develop them

gardens in Lomnice near Ti‰nov (South Moravian

Vltavou.

further. In 1884, the temperamental Franti‰ek

Region) in 2013. Research focused on the issue

Thomayer assumed the position of city gardener.

of edgings themselves as well as on specific types

During his tenure, Prague’s parks gained a worldwide

of flower beds and what types of edgings were used

reputation. His students, who continued to lead

for them, and especially the types of gardening

the gardens of Prague after him, included Karel Jan

styles where such flower beds were cultivated.

Skalák and Leopold BaÈek. This article is more

The research resulted in the discovery of edgings

focused on Karel Jan Skalák, a more or less unknown

in nine locations in the Czech Republic, showing that

personality who worked in Prague’s orchards until

their use was quite common in the Czech Republic

1916. K. J. Skalák was limited by the fact that he had

in the second half of the 19th century. In particular,

assumed his position after the quite exceptional

these are the castle gardens in Hluboká nad Vltavou,

Franti‰ek Thomayer and was often compared with him.

Lomnice, Lednice, Lysice, Milotice, the KromûfiíÏ

He and his colleagues took care of all the orchards,

Flower and Castle Gardens, the grounds of

gardens, and tree-lined alleys that were owned or

the Vranov nad Dyjí Castle, and Landfras Villa in

administered by the Prague municipality. At the same

JindfiichÛv Hradec. Only in the garden of the Landfras

time, he ensured the operation of the stock garden

Villa are these edgings in continuous use today.

(Rajská zahrada) and of the botanical garden, which

Through donations and loans, a collection of

served the municipal and burgher schools and whose

31 different sets of edgings from the Czech Republic

composition was designed in 1899. He also super-

and 7 items from abroad (Slovakia, Germany, Great

vised the municipal cemeteries, the gardens at

Britain) has resulted, creating an exhibition which

the LibeÀ chateau, and the regular maintenance

is currently presented to the public in the restored

of the orchards at the gasworks in Hole‰ovice.

orangery in the former castle gardens in Lomnice

Illustrations: Fig. 1. Realization of Karlovo námûstí based

near Ti‰nov. This set can be compared to a set

to Thomayer’s design after 1884; Fig. 2. Portrait of Karel Jan

of 20 different clay edgings found during

Skalák (1863–1916); Fig. 3. Prague city orchards, Rajská

archaeological research and restoration in the Klein-

zahrada garden in ÎiÏkov (1884–1888); Fig. 4. Karel Jan

-Glienicke site in Potsdam, Germany, or to

Skalák, Design for establishing the Central Botanical School

the exhibition located at Branitz Castle, where

Garden for the Royal Capital City of Prague, 1899;

a complete collection of edgings made for Prince

Fig. 5. View onto one of the greenhouses in the stock garden

Pücler is presented.

(rajská zahrada), beginning of the 20th century;

Illustrations: Fig. 1. E. Hackert, Landscaping with

Fig. 6. Advertisement for protective equipment and birdhouses;

a number of flower beds with edgings at the chateau in ˚agaƒ

Fig. 7. Karel Jan Skalák, extension of the orchard in front

around 1860; Fig. 2. E. Hackert, Winter garden at the chateau

Zprávy památkové péãe / roãník 79 / 2019 / ãíslo 1 / RESUMÉ | SUMMARY

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